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Related Experiment Videos

Familial hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

D H Allen, A Basten, G V Williams

    The American Journal of Medicine
    |October 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Hypersensitivity pneumonitis in two families was linked to avian antigen exposure. Genetic factors, possibly related to immune response genes, and environmental factors like a specific chemical exposure may predispose individuals to this lung disease.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immune-mediated lung disease.
    • Avian antigens are a common cause of HP.
    • Genetic and environmental factors may influence HP susceptibility.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate familial cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
    • To identify potential genetic and environmental predisposing factors for HP.
    • To evaluate diagnostic methods for HP.

    Main Methods:

    • Case study of two families with HP.
    • Diagnostic evaluation including roentgenologic, respiratory function, and immunologic studies.
    • Immunologic studies included precipitins, macrophage migration inhibition (MMI), immunoglobulin levels, alpha1 antitrypsin (AAT), and complement system assessment.
    • Tissue typing for genetic predisposition.

    Main Results:

    • Seven of 19 family members had HP due to avian antigen exposure.
    • Macrophage migration inhibition (MMI) was a more sensitive indicator of active disease than precipitins.
    • Genetic predisposition was suggested by associations with specific HLA haplotypes.
    • A potential environmental factor involved exposure to a gamma isomer of hexachlorobenzene.

    Conclusions:

    • Familial clustering of HP suggests a genetic component, possibly linked to immune response genes.
    • Environmental factors may also play a role in HP development.
    • Comprehensive respiratory function testing is crucial for HP detection and monitoring.

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