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Long-term processes in waste deposits.

S Bozkurt1, L Moreno, I Neretnieks

  • 1Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Chemical Engineering, Stockholm, Sweden. sami@ket.kth.se

The Science of the Total Environment
|May 16, 2000
PubMed
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This study models long-term waste deposit evolution, finding that natural binding processes like humic substances and sulfides can immobilize toxic metals for thousands of years, preventing significant heavy metal release.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Landfills contain organic matter and toxic metals, posing long-term environmental risks.
  • Understanding post-methane phase chemical evolution is crucial for waste deposit safety.
  • Existing models often lack detailed quantification of long-term metal retention mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a conceptual model for waste deposit chemical evolution.
  • To assess long-term fate of organic matter and toxic metal leaching.
  • To quantify metal binding capacities and pH-buffering in landfills.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a conceptual model integrating key processes in waste deposits.
  • Defined and studied multiple scenarios of varying complexity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantified binding capacities of humic substances, sulfides, and ferric oxides.
  • Evaluated pH-buffering reactions, including calcite and waste alkalinity.

    • Main Results:

    • Humic substances can bind all targeted toxic metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, Hg).
    • Sulfides offer approximately double the binding capacity for toxic metals compared to humics.
    • Hydrous ferric oxides can bind three times the total metal content.
    • Waste alkalinity is sufficient to buffer acidity from sulfide oxidation and organic degradation.

    Conclusions:

    • Natural binding mechanisms are highly effective in immobilizing toxic metals in landfills.
    • Significant remobilization of heavy metals due to pH decrease is not expected for millennia.
    • The developed model provides a robust framework for long-term waste deposit assessments.