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Epidemiology 1, 2, 3: origins, objectives, organization, and implementation.

T El-Khoby1, M H Hussein, N Galal

  • 1Schistosomiasis Research Project, Endemic Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|May 17, 2000
PubMed
Summary

The Epidemiology 1, 2, 3 (EPI 1, 2, 3) investigation in Egypt documented schistosomiasis patterns and risk factors. This large-scale study provides crucial data for future schistosomiasis control strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Tropical Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Schistosomiasis remains a significant public health concern in Egypt.
  • Previous epidemiological data on schistosomiasis in Egypt were fragmented.
  • A comprehensive study was needed to understand disease patterns and inform control efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the methods and findings of the Epidemiology 1, 2, 3 (EPI 1, 2, 3) investigation.
  • To analyze changing patterns of Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni infections.
  • To identify factors influencing village-level differences and risk factors for morbidity.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a large-scale epidemiological investigation (EPI 1, 2, 3) in Egypt from 1990-1994.
  • Utilized standardized techniques including stool and urine examinations.

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  • Employed clinical examinations (including ultrasound) and population-based questionnaires.

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed documentation of schistosomiasis prevalence and distribution across different regions of Egypt.
    • Identification of village-specific factors contributing to disease variation.
    • Analysis of key risk factors associated with schistosomiasis morbidity.

    Conclusions:

    • The EPI 1, 2, 3 study provides a comprehensive reference for schistosomiasis epidemiology in Egypt.
    • Findings are essential for planning and evaluating future schistosomiasis control programs.
    • The study highlights the importance of detailed epidemiological data for targeted interventions.