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Epidemiology 1, 2, 3: origins, objectives, organization, and implementation
T El-Khoby1, M H Hussein, N Galal
1Schistosomiasis Research Project, Endemic Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt.
Summary
The Epidemiology 1, 2, 3 (EPI 1, 2, 3) investigation in Egypt documented schistosomiasis patterns and risk factors. This large-scale study provides crucial data for future schistosomiasis control strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Tropical Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Schistosomiasis remains a significant public health concern in Egypt.
- Previous epidemiological data on schistosomiasis in Egypt were fragmented.
- A comprehensive study was needed to understand disease patterns and inform control efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document the methods and findings of the Epidemiology 1, 2, 3 (EPI 1, 2, 3) investigation.
- To analyze changing patterns of Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni infections.
- To identify factors influencing village-level differences and risk factors for morbidity.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a large-scale epidemiological investigation (EPI 1, 2, 3) in Egypt from 1990-1994.
- Utilized standardized techniques including stool and urine examinations.
- Employed clinical examinations (including ultrasound) and population-based questionnaires.
Main Results:
- Detailed documentation of schistosomiasis prevalence and distribution across different regions of Egypt.
- Identification of village-specific factors contributing to disease variation.
- Analysis of key risk factors associated with schistosomiasis morbidity.
Conclusions:
- The EPI 1, 2, 3 study provides a comprehensive reference for schistosomiasis epidemiology in Egypt.
- Findings are essential for planning and evaluating future schistosomiasis control programs.
- The study highlights the importance of detailed epidemiological data for targeted interventions.