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Immunonutrition and surgical practice.

L O'Flaherty1, D J Bouchier-Hayes

  • 1Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland. lean_oflaherty@hotmail.com

The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immunonutrition, using specific nutrients, supports the immune system and host defense mechanisms. Key nutrients like glutamine and arginine may help restore function and prevent SIRS after surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • * Nutritional Science
  • * Immunology
  • * Surgical Recovery

Background:

  • * Immunonutrition focuses on nutrients that modulate the immune system.
  • * Major surgery triggers acute-phase responses, immunosuppression, and gastrointestinal dysfunction.
  • * Loss of homeostasis can lead to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To explore the impact of immunonutrition on host defense mechanisms.
  • * To investigate the role of specific nutrients in post-operative recovery.
  • * To assess the potential of immunonutrients in preventing SIRS.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of clinical trials on immunomodulatory nutrients.
  • * Analysis of nutrient effects on immune cells (lymphocytes, leucocytes).
  • * Examination of nutrient influence on inflammatory and gastrointestinal responses.

Main Results:

  • * Specific nutrients demonstrate immunoenhancing properties.
  • * Immunonutrients may aid in restoring normal tissue function post-operatively.
  • * Clinical trials suggest a role in preventing SIRS.

Conclusions:

  • * Immunonutrition plays a crucial role in host defense post-catabolic stress.
  • * Key nutrients (glutamine, arginine, n-3 PUFAs, nucleotides) show promise in surgical recovery.
  • * Targeted nutritional support can potentially mitigate post-operative complications like SIRS.