The way forward for transcultural nursing

This paper suggests that the incorporation of a sociological perspective into transcultural nursing would enhance the present anthropological approach. The discussion considers the concept of ethnicity, which encompasses a wider perspective than that of culture alone, and is inclusive of both dominant and subordinate human social groupings. Anthropological understanding explores the beliefs and values of a particular community whereas sociological understanding reflects the position of that community within society and their associated experiences. The case is made by discussion of transcultural nursing, its roots in anthropology and the contribution that a sociological perspective can provide. Concepts of assimilation and acculturation are discussed, as is the adaptive nature of culture. A need for application of theoretical understanding to professional practice is demonstrated and a requirement for development of cultural competence is highlighted. The implications for curriculum development are discussed. This paper adopts a perspective that considers transcultural health care from the focal point of the user of health care service rather than the more usual dominant provider viewpoint.