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Related Experiment Videos

A developmental trajectory in implicit memory is revealed by picture fragment completion.

Y M Cycowicz1, D Friedman, J G Snodgrass

  • 1Cognitive Electrophysiology Laboratory, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Memory (Hove, England)
|May 23, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Implicit memory, like explicit memory, develops with age. This study found a developmental trend in implicit memory performance in children and adults, challenging previous assumptions of early development.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Dissociations between implicit and explicit memory tasks suggest distinct neural underpinnings.
  • Developmental differences are typically observed in explicit memory, but not implicit memory, leading to theories of implicit memory's primitive origins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of implicit memory.
  • To re-evaluate previous claims of fully developed implicit memory in young children.
  • To compare the development of implicit and explicit memory across a wide age range.

Main Methods:

  • Compared performance on implicit (picture fragment completion) and explicit (free recall, recognition) memory tasks.
  • Included participants aged 5 to 28 years.

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  • Addressed methodological concerns like measurement error and ceiling effects in prior research.

    • Main Results:

    • A reliable developmental trend was observed in implicit memory performance.
    • Explicit memory performance also showed a developmental trend.
    • Implicit memory development could not be explained by explicit memory processes.

    Conclusions:

    • Implicit memory, contrary to some previous findings, shows significant development with age.
    • Both implicit and explicit memory systems mature over time.
    • These findings challenge the notion of implicit memory as a primitive, early-developing system.