Fungal allergens and peptide epitopes

Fungal allergens represent a major cause of atopic disorders. Immunochemical and molecular characterization of fungal allergens has been hampered by the lack of pure proteins and to inherent variation among fungal proteins and in their poor yields. With the advent of molecular biology techniques, a number of allergens have been cloned, sequenced, and expressed from a variety of fungal species. The knowledge of the primary, secondary, and tertiary structures of these allergens, the immunodominant regions of these proteins, and their interaction with T and B-cell epitopes, results in better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of allergy and may provide avenues of immunologic intervention to treat patients. The present review deals with the current understanding of fungal allergen epitopes.