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Factors associated with periodontitis in an HIV-infected southeast USA study
R G McKaig1, L L Patton, J C Thomas
1Department of Dental Ecology, CB#7450 School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7450, USA. rosemary.mckaig@unc.edu
Objectives:
To determine the relationship of immunosuppression with measures of probing pocket depth (PPD), recession (REC), and clinical attachment level (CAL) in an HIV-infected population from North Carolina (NC), a state in the southeastern United States (USA).
Design:
Cross-sectional study of HIV-infected adults (n = 326) treated at the University of North Carolina Hospitals. Clinical medical record review and sociodemographic interview data were collected. Median age of study participants was 37 years (range 19-67). Males comprised 78% and Blacks 60%. Analyses were limited to those who were dentate (n = 316).
Main Outcome Measures:
Main outcomes were cases vs non-cases of notable PPD, REC, and CAL. Immunosuppression measured by CD4+ cell count microL was the exposure of interest.
Results:
Defined cases of PPD (n = 148) were 2.6 (95% CI = 1.3, 5.3) times less likely to occur at CD4+ cells < 200 than non-cases, whereas, cases of REC (n = 94) were 2.8 (95% CI = 1.2, 6.6) times more likely to occur at that level of severe immunosuppression, controlling for confounders.
Conclusion:
Sub-groups of persons with HIV experience a high burden of periodontitis where notable severity and extent of PPD, CAL, and REC were clearly evident at different stages of immunosuppression.