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Newly designed eccentric roller type total artificial heart.

H Wada1, S Fukunaga, M Watari

  • 1First Department of Surgery, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.

Hiroshima Journal of Medical Sciences
|May 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers developed an eccentric roller type total artificial heart (ERTAH) with improved performance. An interatrial shunt effectively balanced blood flow, enhancing efficiency and durability in simulations and animal experiments.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Devices
  • Artificial Organs

Background:

  • Total artificial hearts (TAHs) are crucial for end-stage heart failure treatment.
  • Previous TAH designs faced challenges in left-right blood flow balance and energy efficiency.
  • The eccentric roller type total artificial heart (ERTAH) was developed to address these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance and blood flow balance of a newly developed eccentric roller type total artificial heart (ERTAH).
  • To assess the impact of redesigned blood chambers and an interatrial shunt on ERTAH efficiency and durability.
  • To validate the ERTAH's in vivo performance through animal experimentation.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations and mock tests were conducted to analyze initial ERTAH operation and left-right balance.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Blood chambers were redesigned to enhance energy efficiency and cardiac output.
  • An interatrial shunt was incorporated, and the ERTAH was implanted in an animal for in vivo performance evaluation.

    • Main Results:

    • Simulations indicated shunt flow of 500-600 ml/min with varying interatrial resistance (2.9-7.7 mmHg.min/liter).
    • Redesigned blood chambers improved energy efficiency by 20% and doubled cardiac output in mock tests.
    • In animal experiments, the ERTAH achieved flow rates of 6.0 L/min (left) and 5.4 L/min (right), with shunt flow of 250-400 ml/min.

    Conclusions:

    • The incorporation of an interatrial shunt is an effective strategy for balancing left and right heart blood flow in TAHs.
    • Reduced friction resistance and prevention of backflow significantly improved ERTAH energy efficiency, cardiac output, and durability.
    • The developed ERTAH demonstrates promising performance, even with a downsized design, for potential clinical application.