[Medical care and support for children with mental retardation in school]

Development of medical knowledge and technology has greatly improved our understanding of mental retardation. However, clinically applicable treatment of mental retardation is still limited. As described in the definition of mental retardation by the American Association of Mental Retardation, functional maladaptations in various aspects of everyday life are the most integral part of disabilities in mental retardation. The role of pediatric neurologist in the medical care for children with mental retardation is not limited in medical treatment. Pediatric neurologists should play an important role as a coordinators in integrated care. Providing of medical care in special schools for children with mental retardation is among the most important issues, since children spend most of their time either at home or in school. The current situation of "medical care" in school, and its problems are discussed.