[Conservative parenchymal surgery in kidney neoplasms]

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Oncology
• Nephrology

Context:

• Retrospective analysis of 59 patients undergoing nephron sparing surgery (NSS) for renal masses between 1978 and 1997.
• Patient cohort included individuals with solitary kidneys, renal insufficiency, and synchronous bilateral tumors.
• Renal masses were incidentally diagnosed in 50% of cases, highlighting the role of modern imaging.

Purpose:

• To evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of NSS in a series of patients with renal masses.
• To compare results between elective and obligatory NSS procedures.
• To assess cancer-specific survival rates and complication profiles associated with NSS.

Summary:

• Histopathological examination revealed renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in 71.6% of cases, with varying tumor sizes and stages.
• Elective NSS demonstrated superior outcomes, with 100% cancer-specific survival and no local recurrences.
• Obligatory NSS, performed due to necessity, had a lower cancer-specific survival (68.7%) and a higher complication rate (31.6%).

Impact:

• NSS provides effective management for renal cell carcinoma, particularly in elective scenarios with well-defined tumors.
• The findings support the use of conservative surgical approaches for selected renal masses.
• Complication rates and functional renal outcomes underscore the importance of surgical indication in NSS.