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Three-dimensional computer morphometry of the maxilla and face in infants with Pierre Robin sequence--a comparative
1Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Center of Craniofacial Disorders at the University of Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Summary
Infants with Pierre Robin sequence exhibit an increased maxillary crest inclination and shortened sagittal length compared to healthy infants. This altered morphology may contribute to mandibular retroposition and respiratory issues.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial morphology
- Pediatric genetics
Background:
- Pierre Robin sequence is a congenital condition characterized by mandibular hypoplasia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate.
- The maxillary morphology in infants with Pierre Robin sequence requires further investigation to understand its contribution to the condition's phenotype.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively analyze the three-dimensional morphology of the maxillary crest in infants diagnosed with Pierre Robin sequence.
- To compare these findings with a control group of healthy infants.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an anthropometric coordinate system and computer morphometry on physical models of the maxilla and face.
- Analyzed eight infants (1-28 days) with Pierre Robin sequence and six healthy infants (1-43 days).
Main Results:
- Infants with Pierre Robin sequence demonstrated a significantly increased inclination of the maxillary crest (30 +/- 3.9 degrees) compared to healthy infants (20 +/- 2.9 degrees).
- The maxillary crest in patients was also found to be shorter in the sagittal direction than in controls.
Conclusions:
- The altered maxillary crest morphology, specifically its increased inclination, may exacerbate mandibular retroposition in infants with Pierre Robin sequence.
- This craniofacial characteristic is a potential pathogenetic factor contributing to the severe respiratory problems observed in these infants.