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Related Experiment Videos

Dry eye and closed eye tears.

M Fukuda1, H F Wang

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Osaka, Japan. fwg10099@mb.infoweb.or.jp

Cornea
|June 1, 2000
PubMed
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Accurate dry eye diagnosis requires combining tests like non-invasive tear film break-up time and lactoferrin levels. Tear fibronectin levels increase with closed eyes or reflex tearing due to plasma leakage.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Dry eye syndrome diagnosis and monitoring require precise tear production measurements.
  • The Schirmer test's accuracy is affected by age, necessitating complementary diagnostic methods.
  • Non-invasive tear film break-up time (NIBUT) and tear fluid composition offer potential for improved dry eye assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish accurate measurement techniques for tear production in diagnosing and monitoring dry eye.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of NIBUT and lactoferrin concentration in dry eye patients.
  • To investigate the role and concentration changes of fibronectin in tear fluid under different ocular conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Re-examined the Schirmer test, noting decreased tear secretion with age.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured NIBUT using a custom apparatus in normal and dry eye individuals.
  • Quantified lactoferrin concentration in tear fluid.
  • Analyzed fibronectin and albumin concentrations in open eye, closed eye, and reflex tears.
  • Administered topical vasoconstrictors to assess their effect on fibronectin levels.

    • Main Results:

    • NIBUT demonstrated diagnostic accuracy with a cut-off value of 5 seconds.
    • Lactoferrin concentration showed optimal accuracy with a cut-off value of 1.1 mg/mL.
    • Fibronectin concentration was significantly higher in closed eye tears (4127 ng/mL) compared to open eye tears (19 ng/mL).
    • Reflex tearing also led to a significant increase in fibronectin concentration.
    • Albumin levels followed a similar pattern to fibronectin, and vasoconstrictors reduced fibronectin increases during reflex tearing.

    Conclusions:

    • A combination of clinical tests is essential for accurate dry eye syndrome diagnosis.
    • Elevated fibronectin and albumin in tear fluid during closed eye and reflex tearing conditions suggest leakage from dilated conjunctival blood vessels.
    • Tear fibronectin appears to be derived from plasma, indicating an inflammatory or stress response in the ocular surface.