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Thoracic transplantation.

N E Shumway1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305, USA.

World Journal of Surgery
|June 1, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Heart transplantation has evolved significantly since 1959, with modern protocols achieving 75% 5-year survival. Advances in immunosuppression and surgical techniques continue to improve outcomes for thoracic transplants.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Transplantation Immunology

Background:

  • Experimental orthotopic heart transplantation began in 1959.
  • Long-term survival was established in 1965 using novel immunosuppression.
  • Clinical heart transplantation commenced at Stanford in 1968.

Observation:

  • Transplanted denervated hearts exhibit near-normal performance.
  • Successful lung and combined heart-lung transplants were achieved by 1981.
  • Living pulmonary lobar donors emerged in 1990.

Findings:

  • Over 1000 heart transplantations performed with a 75% 5-year survival rate.
  • Cyclosporine enabled successful lung and pediatric heart transplants.
  • Donor organ shortage remains a primary limitation.

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Implications:

  • Legal recognition of brain death was crucial for clinical application.
  • Ongoing research in xenotransplantation and artificial hearts offers future solutions.
  • Thoracic transplantation success is poised for expansion with donor availability.