[Vasocardiogenic syncope: pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment]

Syncope is important clinical problem which is a cause of 1-2% cases of hospitalization. Annual mortality in patients with vaso-cardiogenic syncope is 30%. Vaso-cardiogenic syncope can be related to reduced cardiac output, reduced venous return or disturbations of blood flow in vessels supplying central nervous system. The basis of diagnosing of syncope is precise physical examination and anamnesis. In further diagnosis one can use: echocardiography, ecg Holter monitoring, exercise test, transesophageal atrial stimulation, tilt-up test, electrophysiologic examination. Treatment of syncope consists in elimination of causes or factors inducing syncope.