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Related Experiment Videos

Glucocorticoids in T cell development and function*.

J D Ashwell1, F W Lu, M S Vacchio

  • 1Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. jda@Box-j.nih.gov

Annual Review of Immunology
|June 3, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Do glucocorticoids participate in thymocyte development?

Immunology today·2001

Glucocorticoids regulate T cell function by binding the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). These hormones impact T cell development, apoptosis, and immune suppression, with local production in the thymus influencing thymocyte selection.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Glucocorticoids are lipophilic compounds binding intracellular receptors (GR) to regulate gene transcription.
  • Glucocorticoids are known for immunosuppression in peripheral T cells by inhibiting gene expression.
  • They also influence T helper (Th) cell lineage development and T cell apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of glucocorticoids in T cell biology.
  • To investigate the impact of glucocorticoids on T cell development and function, including apoptosis and lineage commitment.
  • To explore the proposed role of locally produced thymic glucocorticoids in thymocyte selection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on glucocorticoid effects on T cells.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of in vitro and in vivo studies concerning T cell development.
  • Discussion of proposed mechanisms involving GR signaling and gene transcription regulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Glucocorticoids inhibit the expression of activation-induced genes in peripheral T cells, leading to immunosuppression.
    • They promote Th2 cell generation and inhibit activation-induced T cell apoptosis via downregulation of fasL.
    • Glucocorticoids induce apoptosis in thymocytes (CD4(+)CD8(+)) and may regulate thymocyte selection by altering TCR signaling thresholds.

    Conclusions:

    • Glucocorticoids play critical roles in T cell immunosuppression, apoptosis, and lineage development.
    • Local glucocorticoid production within the thymus is proposed to be crucial for normal thymocyte development and selection.
    • Further research using tissue-specific GR-deficient models is needed to fully understand glucocorticoid actions on T cell development and function.