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Related Experiment Videos

Regulatory T cells in autoimmmunity*.

E M Shevach1

  • 1Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. ems1@box-e.nih.gov

Annual Review of Immunology
|June 3, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Regulatory T cells prevent autoimmunity by suppressing self-reactive immune responses. Enhancing these cells may treat autoimmune diseases and prevent organ transplant rejection.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity
  • T cell regulation

Background:

  • Clonal deletion in the thymus is insufficient for self-tolerance.
  • Depletion of peripheral CD4(+) T cells causes organ-specific autoimmunity.
  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) prevent autoimmunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the role of Tregs in maintaining self-tolerance.
  • Define Treg lineage, antigens, and mechanisms.
  • Explore therapeutic applications of Treg modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Depletion of peripheral CD4(+) T cells in animals.
  • Reconstitution with regulatory CD4(+) T cells.
  • Analysis of autoimmune development and Treg characteristics.

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Main Results:

  • Partial CD4(+) T cell depletion leads to autoimmunity.
  • Treg reconstitution prevents autoimmune development.
  • Tregs originate in the thymus and express unique antigens.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral T cell regulation is crucial for self-tolerance.
  • Regulatory T cells are key to preventing autoimmunity.
  • Treg manipulation offers therapeutic potential for autoimmunity and transplantation.