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Review article: The molecular era of bladder research. Transgenic mice as experimental tools in the study of outlet
J A Bassuk1, R Grady, M Mitchell
1Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Purpose:
To review the crucial role of transgenic mice as experimental tools in the study of outlet obstruction.
Materials And Methods:
We reviewed the literature for studies that have used mice as models for outlet obstruction.
Results:
The combination of genetic manipulations and cellular physiology defines state-of-the-art experiments that explore the reciprocal mesenchymal-epithelial interactions that regulate bladder cell mechanisms.
Conclusions:
The use of transgenic mice in bladder research has provided important data with respect to the molecular signals that drive bladder development, homeostasis, and the response to injury.