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Plasma natriuretic activity in oedematous states
Proceedings of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association. European Dialysis and Transplant Association
|January 1, 1976
Summary
Extracellular volume (ECV) regulation involves a natriuretic hormone. This hormone is absent in edema but may function at an elevated threshold in idiopathic edema patients, suggesting a role in fluid balance.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Physiology
Background:
- Extracellular volume (ECV) regulation is crucial for maintaining fluid balance.
- Evidence suggests a potential role for a natriuretic hormone in controlling ECV.
- Understanding this hormone's function is key to understanding edema formation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of a potential natriuretic hormone in edema formation.
- To analyze plasma fractions from patients with nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis, and idiopathic edema.
- To assess the effects on frog skin sodium transport and rat renal sodium excretion.
Main Methods:
- Collected plasma fractions (Fraction IV) from various patient groups and healthy controls.
- Assessed effects on frog skin short-circuit current (SCC) and potential difference (PD).
- Measured rat renal sodium excretion (UNaV), urinary flow, and endogenous creatinine clearance (Ccr).
Main Results:
- Plasma fractions from ECV-expanded healthy subjects and aldosteronoma patients inhibited PD and SCC, and increased rat urinary flow and sodium excretion.
- No antinatriferic or natriuretic activities were found in nephrotic syndrome or liver cirrhosis patients.
- Idiopathic edema patients showed antinatriferic plasma activity correlated with fluid retention episodes.
Conclusions:
- A natriuretic hormone likely governs ECV in healthy individuals, and is absent in edema-related ECV expansion.
- This regulatory mechanism may operate, albeit at a higher threshold, in idiopathic edema.
- The findings suggest distinct pathophysiological mechanisms for different types of edema.