2D and 3D computer tomography and sinus graft analysis with various graft materials

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Dental Implantology
• Radiology

Background:

• Sinus grafting has been a standard surgical procedure since the 1970s.
• While CT scans aid in planning, their role in monitoring surgical success and long-term outcomes is underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of 2D and 3D CT reconstructions in assessing sinus graft success and material transformation.
• To determine the clinical utility and indications for using CT in sinus grafting follow-up.
• To compare the long-term integration and transformation of HTR Bioplant polymer and Algipore (hydroxyapatite) graft materials.

Main Methods:

• Prospective study involving 12 patients undergoing 21 sinus graftings with immediate implants.
• Four sets of 2D and 3D CT scans were performed: preoperatively, 1-2 weeks postoperatively, before loading, and 1 year after prosthodontic treatment.
• Graft materials included HTR Bioplant polymer/autograft and Algipore/autograft mixtures.

Main Results:

• 2D and 3D CT reconstructions effectively visualized graft material incorporation and transformation over time.
• Posterior-anterior, lateral, and superior-inferior views were most informative; serial image utility was limited.
• Both HTR Bioplant and Algipore demonstrated excellent suitability and integration for sinus grafting.

Conclusions:

• Individual 2D and 3D CT reconstructions are recommended for extensive bone atrophy, expected or actual complications, protracted healing, or important documentation.
• CT imaging provides excellent long-term follow-up for sinus graft materials.
• Both tested graft materials are highly suitable for sinus grafting procedures.