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Predator-Prey Interactions02:39

Predator-Prey Interactions

Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.Although predation is commonly associated with carnivory, for...

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Do hornets have zombie workers?

K R Foster1, F L Ratnieks, A F Raybould

  • 1Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK. bop97krf@shef.ac.uk

Molecular Ecology
|June 10, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

European hornet (Vespa crabro) workers do not produce males, contrary to predictions. Instead, queens exclusively sire males, suggesting potential pheromonal queen control rather than worker-queen conflict over reproduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Social insect behavior
  • Chemical ecology

Background:

  • Colonies of the European hornet (Vespa crabro) are typically founded by a single queen.
  • Kinship patterns predict worker-queen conflict over male production in social insects.
  • Previous studies on related vespine wasps suggest workers may reproduce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the predicted worker-queen conflict over male production in Vespa crabro.
  • To determine the reproductive roles of queens and workers in European hornet colonies.
  • To explore the mechanisms underlying reproductive control in Vespa crabro.

Main Methods:

  • DNA microsatellite analysis of 282 male hornets.
  • Ovary dissections of 500 workers from eight nests.
  • Direct behavioral observations of four nests for 50 hours.

Main Results:

  • European hornet males are exclusively produced by queens.
  • Workers rarely have activated ovaries and do not attempt to lay eggs.
  • No direct aggression between queens and workers was observed, contrasting with predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Worker self-restraint or queen control, possibly pheromonal, explains the absence of worker reproduction.
  • The findings challenge existing models of reproductive conflict in vespine wasps.
  • The study also identified diploid males and double matrilines, indicating unusual reproductive events.