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Drug treatment of hypertension in older people: relieving the pressure
M McDonagh1, M Bradley, A Shirley
1NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York.
Insights
Drug treatment for hypertension in older adults saves lives and prevents illness. Diuretics are effective first-line agents, and quality of life is generally maintained, allowing active living.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Hypertension affects over 50% of older individuals.
- It is a significant risk factor for stroke and ischemic heart disease.
- Existing evidence supports pharmacological interventions for elderly hypertension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and impact of antihypertensive drug treatment in older populations.
- To assess the role of diuretics as initial therapy.
- To determine the effect of treatment on quality of life.
Main Methods:
- Systematic reviews of existing research were analyzed.
- Evidence regarding drug treatment's impact on mortality and morbidity was synthesized.
- Quality of life outcomes associated with antihypertensive therapy were examined.
Main Results:
- Drug treatment for hypertension in older adults demonstrably saves lives.
- It effectively prevents significant morbidity, including stroke and ischemic heart disease.
- Diuretics are supported by strong evidence as first-line agents.
Conclusions:
- Antihypertensive drug therapy is life-saving and morbidity-reducing in older individuals.
- Diuretics are recommended as a primary treatment option.
- While quality of life is not negatively impacted, further high-quality research is warranted.
Abstract:
Hypertension is very common, occurring in over 50% of older people, and is a major risk factor for stroke and ischaemic heart disease. Based on systematic reviews there is evidence to show that drug treatment of hypertension in older people saves lives and prevents unnecessary morbidity. There is also strong evidence to support the use of diuretics as first line agents. Quality of life does not appear to be reduced by antihypertensive drug therapy, although more high quality research is needed. Through the use of drug treatment older people with hypertension can continue to contribute to society and live active lives.