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Bacterial endosymbionts in animals.

N A Moran1, P Baumann

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, 85721, USA. nmoran@u.arizona.edu

Current Opinion in Microbiology
|June 14, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Ancient bacterial endosymbioses in invertebrates involve vertical transmission and unique genetic traits. These bacteria show accelerated evolution and host-beneficial adaptations, suggesting increased genetic drift and nutrient provision strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Endosymbiosis is common in invertebrates, often involving ancient bacterial partners.
  • Vertical transmission ensures co-evolution within host lineages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic characteristics of bacterial endosymbionts.
  • To understand the evolutionary dynamics and adaptive traits of these symbionts.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular phylogenetic analyses of bacterial endosymbionts.
  • Molecular genetic characterization of endosymbiont genomes.

Main Results:

  • Endosymbionts exhibit AT-biased base composition and accelerated sequence evolution.
  • Small genome size is observed in some endosymbionts, indicative of increased genetic drift.

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  • Amplification of host-beneficial genes, particularly those for nutrient provision, was identified.

    • Conclusions:

    • Bacterial endosymbionts in invertebrates possess distinct genetic signatures.
    • These signatures reflect a history of vertical transmission, genetic drift, and adaptation.
    • Endosymbiont evolution is shaped by host-specific benefits, such as enhanced nutrient acquisition.