Osteoarthritis of the fingers

Osteoarthritis of the fingers is an especially common condition in postmenopausal women. Many consider it a normal part of aging or a relatively minor disease. Osteoarthritis of the fingers is a disease process that destroys interphalangeal cartilage and results in pain, swelling, decreased finger motion, joint deformities, and difficulty performing activities that require grip or pinch. Medication, rest, and supportive splinting alternated with mobility and strengthening exercises, patient education, and incorporation of joint protection techniques may alleviate symptoms and improve functional abilities. Surgery is indicated when these methods have failed to control pain, instability, and deformities or improve ease of function. Joints may be fused (arthrodesis) or replaced (arthroplasty) to manage pain and produce finger joints capable of withstanding the force of normal use without pain or further joint damage. Postoperative therapy includes splinting to protect healing structures along with range-of-motion programs to maximize functional outcomes.