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Chromosomal abnormalities in hypoprolific boars.

A Pinton¹, A Ducos, H Berland

¹URA INRA-ENVT de Cytogénétique des Populations Animales, Toulouse, France.

|June 17, 2000

Summary

Four new chromosomal rearrangements, including reciprocal translocations and a pericentric inversion, were identified in domestic pigs. The 1/7 translocation significantly reduced litter size by 36%.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Genetics
Animal Cytogenetics
Swine Reproduction

Background:

Chromosomal abnormalities can impact animal fertility and productivity.
Understanding these rearrangements is crucial for genetic improvement programs in livestock.
Previous studies have identified various chromosomal aberrations in domestic pigs.

Purpose of the Study:

To report and characterize novel chromosomal rearrangements in domestic pigs.
To investigate the reproductive consequences of identified chromosomal aberrations.
To confirm the nature and origin of these rearrangements using advanced cytogenetic techniques.

Main Methods:

Cytogenetic analysis using GTG and RBG banding techniques.
Chromosome painting experiments for precise identification of translocations.

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Statistical analysis to determine the impact of chromosomal rearrangements on litter size.

Main Results:

Three new reciprocal translocations (rcp(4;12), rcp(1;7), rcp(1;6)) and one pericentric inversion (inv(2)) were identified in domestic pigs.
The rcp(1;7) translocation was associated with a significant reduction in litter size (-4.5 piglets/litter, -36%).
The rcp(1;6) and rcp(1;7) translocations were of maternal origin.

Conclusions:

Novel chromosomal rearrangements exist in domestic pig populations.
Specific rearrangements, like the rcp(1;7) translocation, can have detrimental effects on reproductive efficiency.
Maternal inheritance patterns were observed for some translocations, highlighting potential genetic transmission concerns.