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Cardiac function evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography during cardiopulmonary bypass
Objective:
To evaluate cardiac function at cardiopulmonary bypass weaning, we applied a new technique clinically to determine the approximated Emax without using a conductance catheter.
Methods:
Subjects were 5 patients. The left ventricular end-systolic pressure was obtained by overlaying the radial arterial pressure curve on the left ventricular pressure curve. Left ventricular end-systolic volume was assessed by a transesophageal echographic apparatus. At cardiopulmonary bypass weaning, volume loading was applied to increase left atrial pressure by a few mmHg while fixing the pump flow rate at half flow. Changes in left ventricular end-systolic volume and approximated left ventricular end-systolic pressure for total heart beat were plotted during this period, and the gradient of the regression line was taken as approximated Emax.
Results:
Approximated Emax ranged from 1.29 to 3.28 (mean 2.13 +/- 0.72), and its correlation coefficient was 0.80 +/- 0.06.
Conclusion:
Our new technique is useful in evaluating cardiac function during cardiopulmonary bypass.