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Bufo marinus intoxication in dogs: 94 cases (1997-1998).

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Bufo marinus toad intoxication is a significant concern for dogs, especially during warmer months. Prompt veterinary care, including oral decontamination, leads to a good prognosis for affected dogs.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Toxicology
  • Canine Medicine

Background:

  • Bufo marinus toads produce potent toxins causing significant health risks to domestic animals.
  • Toad intoxication is a common emergency in regions where Bufo marinus is endemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, treatment strategies, and outcomes for dogs poisoned by Bufo marinus toad toxins.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzed medical records of 94 dogs diagnosed with Bufo marinus toad intoxication.
  • Data collected included history, clinical signs, diagnostic results, treatments administered, and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The most frequent clinical signs observed were neurological abnormalities, hyperemic mucous membranes, ptyalism, recumbency, tachypnea, and vomiting.
  • Sinus arrhythmia, sinus tachycardia, and normal sinus rhythm were the most common electrocardiographic findings.
  • Eighty-nine out of 94 dogs recovered fully, with only 4 fatalities.

Conclusions:

  • Bufo marinus toad intoxication should be a key differential diagnosis in dogs presenting with acute neurological signs, hyperemic mucous membranes, and ptyalism, particularly in endemic areas during spring and summer.
  • Early and appropriate treatment, including oral decontamination, significantly improves the prognosis for affected dogs.