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Pneumothorax in horses: 40 cases (1980-1997)
1Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, New Bolton Center, Kennett Square 19348-1692, USA.
Pneumothorax in horses is often caused by pleuropneumonia, with varied clinical signs. Survival rates are lower for horses with pleuropneumonia-related pneumothorax compared to other causes.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Equine Health
- Respiratory Diseases
Background:
- Pneumothorax, the presence of air in the pleural space, can significantly impact equine respiratory function.
- Understanding the causes, clinical presentation, and outcomes of pneumothorax in horses is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize pneumothorax in horses.
- To describe clinical signs, diagnostic methods, and outcomes for horses diagnosed with pneumothorax.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study was conducted.
- Medical records of 40 horses diagnosed with pneumothorax were reviewed.
- Data collected included signalment, history, clinical signs, diagnostic imaging, treatment, and outcome.
Main Results:
- The most common causes were pleuropneumonia (17 horses), thoracic wounds (9), and thoracic trauma (7).
- Clinical signs varied, including tachypnea, dyspnea, and fever; classic signs were not always present.
- Radiography and ultrasonography were key diagnostic tools. Survival rates were lower for horses with pneumothorax secondary to pleuropneumonia (35.3%) compared to other causes (69.6%).
Conclusions:
- Pleuropneumonia is a significant cause of pneumothorax in horses.
- Diagnosis may require advanced imaging as clinical signs can be subtle.
- The prognosis for horses with pneumothorax is better when not associated with pleuropneumonia.
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