Predisposing factors, prevention, and management of central venous catheter occlusions

Occlusion is the most common noninfectious complication of central venous access catheters. The primary approach is prevention. Successful management begins with an understanding of the potential etiologies of occlusions. Proper assessment aids the clinician in correctly identifying the cause and treatment strategy. This article focuses on the physiologic principles of, research on, and current clinical practices with central venous catheter occlusions.