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The female athlete triad.

J A Hobart1, D R Smucker

  • 1University of Cincinnati, Family Medicine Residency Program, Ohio 45239, USA.

American Family Physician
|June 24, 2000
PubMed
Summary

The female athlete triad, a serious condition involving disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis, often goes unrecognized. Early recognition and intervention are crucial for preventing irreversible bone density loss and promoting athlete health.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • The female athlete triad is a syndrome encompassing disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis.
  • This condition frequently goes undiagnosed, leading to severe health consequences for female athletes.
  • Loss of bone mineral density can result in premature osteoporotic fractures and may be irreversible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of early recognition of the female athlete triad.
  • To outline strategies for family physicians in assessing and screening for the triad.
  • To emphasize the need for collaborative prevention efforts among various stakeholders.

Main Methods:

  • Risk factor assessment and targeted screening questions by family physicians.
  • Implementation of appropriate dietary adjustments and exercise moderation.
  • Consideration of early hormone replacement therapy to mitigate bone density loss.

Main Results:

  • Early identification by family physicians is achievable through systematic assessment.
  • Dietary changes and exercise modification can lead to the return of menses.
  • Prompt medical intervention, including hormone therapy, can prevent further bone density reduction.

Conclusions:

  • A multidisciplinary approach involving coaches, trainers, parents, athletes, and physicians is optimal for managing the female athlete triad.
  • Enhanced education on the health risks associated with the triad is vital for prevention.
  • Early recognition and intervention can prevent a potentially life-threatening illness in female athletes.

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