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Creating Dynamic Images of Short-lived Dopamine Fluctuations with lp-ntPET: Dopamine Movies of Cigarette Smoking
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The P300 brain potential is reduced in smokers.

A P Anokhin1, A B Vedeniapin, E J Sirevaag

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108, USA. andrey@matlock.wustl.edu

Psychopharmacology
|June 27, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Current smokers exhibit lower P300 amplitude, a brainwave measure, compared to non-smokers. This finding suggests smoking may alter neurocognitive function or indicate a risk for nicotine dependence.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Tobacco smoking is a widespread substance abuse issue with poorly understood origins.
  • Investigating neurocognitive differences between smokers and non-smokers can illuminate mechanisms of tobacco dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between smoking status and the P300 event-related potential (ERP) component.
  • To control for confounding factors including alcoholism, drug abuse, and psychopathology.

Main Methods:

  • Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded using a visual oddball task at a mid-parietal site.
  • The study included 905 current smokers, 463 ex-smokers, and 979 never smokers.

Main Results:

  • Current smokers showed significantly lower P300 amplitude than never-smokers; ex-smokers did not differ.
  • Reduced P300 amplitude was linked to alcoholism, drug dependence, and family history of alcoholism.
  • After accounting for smoking, only family history of alcoholism remained a significant predictor of P300 amplitude.

Conclusions:

  • Smoking status significantly impacts P300 amplitude, independently of family history of alcoholism.
  • Findings suggest long-term smoking may cause reversible brain changes or that reduced P300 is a risk marker for nicotine dependence.