[Subluxation of the radial head]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Orthopedics
• Musculoskeletal Injuries

Background:

• Subluxation of the caput radii (nursemaid's elbow) is an underrecognized injury in general practice.
• It is a frequent injury in toddlers, with an annual incidence of approximately 1% in children under five, peaking around age two.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the literature on subluxation of the caput radii.
• To highlight typical clinical features, incidence, and management of this common pediatric injury.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of subluxation of the caput radii.
• Analysis of incidence, demographics, mechanism of injury, clinical presentation, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

• The injury is more common in girls and affects the left elbow more frequently.
• Typical mechanism involves arm traction, presenting with decreased arm movement and no local swelling.
• Radiographic findings are often subtle or absent; reduction is typically achieved via arm supination, with rapid functional recovery.

Conclusions:

• Subluxation of the caput radii is a common toddler injury that can often be diagnosed and treated clinically without radiography.
• Early recognition and appropriate reduction technique are crucial for prompt recovery of arm function.