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Pleomorphic angioleiomyoma.

N Kawagishi¹, T Kashiwagi, M Ibe

¹Division of Dermatology, Kitami Kobayashi Hospital, Japan.

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

|June 28, 2000

Summary

Pleomorphic angioleiomyoma, a rare smooth muscle tumor, presents with unusual cell features. Immunohistochemistry indicates these changes are not degenerative but reflect active cell proliferation.

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Area of Science:

Dermatopathology
Surgical Pathology
Oncology

Background:

Angioleiomyomas are benign tumors originating from smooth muscle tissue, typically found in the extremities.
Pleomorphic angioleiomyoma is a rare variant characterized by atypical cellular morphology.

Observation:

Two cases are presented: a 46-year-old male with a scrotal nodule and a 38-year-old female with a knee nodule.
Both lesions were histopathologically identified as well-circumscribed nodules with smooth muscle, veins, and capillaries.

Findings:

Marked nuclear pleomorphism was observed, distinguishing these from ordinary angioleiomyomas.
Despite rare mitoses, immunohistochemistry showed positivity for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, and p53.
These markers suggest active proliferation rather than simple degenerative changes in tumor cells.

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Implications:

The findings challenge the notion that pleomorphism in these tumors is solely degenerative.
Understanding the proliferative nature of pleomorphic angioleiomyoma is crucial for accurate diagnosis and patient management.
Further research may elucidate the specific biological behavior and clinical significance of this variant.