Immediate loading of implants in partially and fully edentulous jaws: a series of 27 case reports

The concept of immediate loading of dental implants has been researched in animal and man. High predictability with titanium screw implants can be expected under certain circumstances. Delayed loading, which is empirically based, may offer roadblocks to success in the complex case. Micromotion under a denture, retention of compromised teeth, and the necessity for multiple implant surgeries complicate the situation. The present study was undertaken to demonstrate whether in partial and fully edentulous patients, titanium screw implants may be installed and loaded within 72 hours.

The study included 27 jaws (23 mandibles and 4 maxillas) in patients who refused to wear a denture or were told of the possibility of immediately loading their implants. Criteria similar to delayed loading was utilized. The patient had to have adequate volume and density for a minimum of 4 (10 mm) implants in the mandible and 6 in the maxilla, in addition to other requirements. After a thorough presurgical evaluation by the restorative dentist, a template and heat-cured/metal-reinforced provisional were fabricated. Following fixture installation, either the fixed provisional was placed or an impression was taken, and the provisional was seated within 72 hours. Once the temporary was placed, it remained until osseointegration was complete.

Success rates similar to those in delayed loaded cases may be expected (95%). Fewer sandblasted/acid-etched titanium screws were lost than machined titanium screws. All patients went on to completion of their original prosthetic prescription.

Patients who are partially or fully edentulous may predictably be restored with fixed implant prostheses immediately upon fixture placement if certain parameters are met.