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Two spatial memories for honeybee navigation.

R Menzel1, R Brandt, A Gumbert

  • 1Institut für Neurobiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany. menzel@neurobiologie.fu-berlin.de

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|June 30, 2000
PubMed
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Honeybees possess both egocentric (specialized route memory) and allocentric (general landscape memory) navigation systems. The general landscape memory allows bees to find their hive from any direction when route-specific memory is absent.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Behavior
  • Neuroethology
  • Spatial Cognition

Background:

  • Insect navigation traditionally relies on egocentric reference systems, integrating path integration with landmark information.
  • Previous research primarily identified specialized route memory (SRM) in bees, an egocentric system dominating initial navigation training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence and function of an allocentric spatial memory in honeybees.
  • To determine if honeybees utilize a general landscape memory (GLM) independent of specific route training.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental manipulation to create conditions where specialized route memory (SRM) was absent or overridden.
  • Observing honeybee return behavior to the hive from various release points without prior route-specific training.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Honeybees demonstrated the ability to navigate to the hive using an allocentric spatial memory (general landscape memory, GLM) when SRM was not dominant.
  • Bees utilizing GLM returned to the hive from all directions at speeds comparable to trained routes.
  • The GLM appears directly accessible, suggesting bees can localize multiple places relative to the hive.

Conclusions:

  • Honeybees possess a flexible allocentric spatial memory (GLM) for navigation, complementing their egocentric specialized route memory (SRM).
  • The general landscape memory (GLM) may store relational information about landmarks and their connections to the hive, potentially forming a graph-like structure.
  • This finding expands our understanding of insect navigation, revealing a more sophisticated spatial cognitive capacity in honeybees.