[Detection of alien chromatins introgressed into wheat in mitotic interphase] [In Process Citation]

Fluorescent in situ hybridization of biotin labelled total genomic DNA from alien species as probes was applied to illustrate chromatin behaviors of Secale cereale L., Thinopyrum intermedium Host., Avana fatua L., and Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candagy introgressed into wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in interphase cells. A pair of 1RS chromosome arms in 1BL/1RS translocations were visible as discrete domains traversing through the interphase nucleolus. The substitution and addition 1R chromosomes as well as the translocated chromosome segments of Th. intermedium and A. avena appeared as bright spots in interphase. In callli derived from immature embryos of a hybrid between T. durum-D. villosum amphidiploid and T. aestivum, seven D. villosum originated chromatins presented nearly consecutive trend from spots to domains. Chromatins from both parents did not tend to mix with each other at interphase of the hybrid calli. It is feasible to count the number of alien chromosomes and chromosome segments in the case of addition, substitution and/or translocation at interphase. As far as more alien chromosomes are considered, it seems not reliable to analyze the interphase nucleolus alone because some of the signals might be overlapped by chromatins of wheat. Neither S. cereale satellited chromosome 1R nor D. villosum 1V chromosome involving within the envelop of interphase nucleolus were associated with nucleoli, suggesting that their functions in the formation of nucleoli are inhibited in the wheat background.