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Actinoid separations by extraction chromatography

Pilvio1, Bickel

  • 1National Radiation Laboratory, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|July 6, 2000
PubMed
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Two new extraction chromatography methods accurately determine plutonium (Pu), americium (Am), uranium (U), and thorium (Th) in samples. These methods demonstrate high recovery and reproducibility for key actinide and lanthanide elements.

Area of Science:

  • Radiochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nuclear Fuel Cycle Analysis

Background:

  • Accurate determination of actinides like plutonium (Pu), americium (Am), uranium (U), and thorium (Th) is crucial for nuclear fuel reprocessing and waste management.
  • Existing separation methods may have limitations in efficiency, reproducibility, or applicability to complex sample matrices such as mixed oxide (MOX) fuels.
  • Extraction chromatography offers a promising avenue for selective and efficient separation of these elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate two distinct extraction chromatography methods for the simultaneous determination of Pu and Am.
  • To develop and validate a second method for the simultaneous determination of U and Th.
  • To apply these methods to real-world samples, including diluted MOX fuels and standard solutions, and assess their performance.

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Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel extraction chromatography method for the separation and determination of Pu and Am.
  • Development of a second novel extraction chromatography method for the separation and determination of U and Th.
  • Application of both methods to diluted MOX samples and standard solutions for validation.

Main Results:

  • Both developed extraction chromatography methods achieved high recovery rates for the target elements (Pu, Am, Th, U).
  • Excellent reproducibility was observed for the determination of Th, Pu, and Am across multiple analyses.
  • The methods proved effective when applied to diluted MOX samples and standard solutions, indicating practical applicability.

Conclusions:

  • The presented extraction chromatography methods provide a robust and reliable approach for the quantitative determination of Pu, Am, U, and Th.
  • These methods offer high efficiency and good reproducibility, suitable for analyzing complex nuclear materials.
  • Specific considerations and requirements for the accurate determination of Th using these chromatographic techniques are discussed.