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Long-term memory for spatial and temporal mental models includes construction processes and model structure.

T Baguley1, S J Payne

  • 1Department of Human Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, U.K. T.S.Baguley@lboro.ac.uk

The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. A, Human Experimental Psychology
|July 6, 2000
PubMed
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People may remember how they built mental models, not just the models themselves. This study suggests memory for mental models involves both construction processes and the final structure.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Memory
  • Mental Representation

Background:

  • While constructing mental models in working memory is established, evidence for their long-term preservation is limited.
  • An alternative hypothesis suggests memory retains an episodic construction trace of the operations used to build a mental model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of long-term memory for mental models.
  • To differentiate between memory for the constructed model and the process of its construction.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Assessed memory for determinate and indeterminate spatial descriptions, manipulating sentence order to disrupt construction traces.
  • Experiment 2: Replicated findings with temporal descriptions.
  • Experiment 3: Varied foil similarity in recognition tests to further probe memory components.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Disrupting the episodic construction trace impaired recognition, particularly for indeterminate descriptions.
  • Participants better recalled the gist of determinate descriptions compared to indeterminate ones.
  • Memory for the original description was superior for indeterminate descriptions when gist recognition was controlled.

Conclusions:

  • Results support a hybrid account of mental model memory.
  • This account integrates information about both the construction processes (episodic trace) and the resulting model structure.