[Nutritional myocardial disorders]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Nutritional Science
• Internal Medicine

Context:

• Nutritional deficiencies and excesses are increasingly recognized as significant contributors to cardiac dysfunction.
• While traditional nutritional deficiencies like beriberi heart have decreased, new forms of cardiac issues are emerging due to altered dietary patterns.
• Obesity cardiomyopathy and cardiac complications associated with anorexia nervosa represent growing concerns in developed nations.

Purpose:

• To review the pathogenesis of three distinct nutritional cardiac disorders: beri-beri heart, obesity cardiomyopathy, and anorexia nervosa-related cardiac dysfunction.
• To discuss the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying these conditions.
• To explore potential treatment strategies for these patient populations.

Summary:

• Beri-beri heart in youth can result from excessive carbohydrate intake.
• Obesity cardiomyopathy is a consequence of excessive nutrition in morbidly obese individuals.
• Anorexia nervosa can lead to heart failure and sudden death, often linked with psychosomatic disorders.

Impact:

• This review provides a comprehensive overview of emerging and persistent nutritional cardiac disorders.
• Understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of these conditions is crucial for clinical management.
• Highlights the need for awareness regarding both deficiency and excess in dietary impacts on cardiac health.