Prognosis for the patients with chronic hepatitis B

V Colić-Cvrlje1, S Naumovski-Mihalić, M Prskalo

  • 1University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia.

Insights

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes severe chronic liver disease, including chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis. Early vaccination remains crucial for preventing this serious illness.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Chronic liver disease poses a significant global health burden.
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a primary cause of chronic liver disease worldwide.
  • Understanding HBV's role in disease progression is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the influence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) on the progression of chronic liver disease.
  • To investigate HBV replication and mutant forms in patients with chronic liver disease.
  • To assess the clinical outcomes of HBV-infected patients over a five-year period.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective follow-up of 127 patients with histologically verified chronic liver disease for five years.
  • Monitoring of HBV markers (HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HBe, HBVDNA) and other viral markers (anti-HCV, anti-D).
  • Classification of disease severity and assessment of liver function using Child-Pugh score.

Main Results:

  • HBV infection was associated with severe chronic hepatitis, including chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and cirrhosis (CH).
  • HBV replication (HBVDNA positive) was detected in 44.20% of patients, with mutant forms in 26.08%.
  • Patients with HBV-related cirrhosis maintained Child-Pugh A grade despite progressive disease, and HBsAg-negative patients with HBV markers also showed severe hepatitis.

Conclusions:

  • HBV infection significantly contributes to severe chronic liver disease progression.
  • The presence of HBV markers, even in HBsAg-negative individuals, indicates severe hepatitis.
  • Effective antiviral therapies are needed, and vaccination is essential for HBV prevention.

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