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Related Experiment Videos

Coping with Gulf War combat stress: mediating and moderating effects.

E J Sharkansky1, D W King, L A King

  • 1Women's Health Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts 02130, USA. EJShark@aol.com

Journal of Abnormal Psychology
|July 15, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Gulf War soldiers using approach-based coping strategies reported fewer psychological symptoms, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Combat exposure influenced these outcomes over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Military Mental Health
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Combat-related stress poses significant risks to military personnel's mental health.
  • Understanding coping mechanisms is crucial for mitigating psychological symptoms in veterans.
  • Gulf War veterans experienced unique stressors that warrant specific investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between coping strategies and psychological symptoms in Gulf War Army personnel.
  • To investigate the moderating role of combat exposure on coping and symptom outcomes.
  • To determine how coping and combat exposure predict changes in depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms over time.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 1,058 Gulf War Army personnel.

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  • Surveyed participants on return from deployment (Time 1) and 18-24 months later (Time 2).
  • Utilized the Coping Responses Inventory, combat exposure measure, PTSD, and depression symptom scales.

    • Main Results:

    • Higher use of approach-based coping was associated with lower psychological symptoms.
    • Combat exposure moderated the impact of coping on initial PTSD symptoms.
    • Coping strategies predicted changes in depression but not PTSD symptoms.
    • Combat exposure influenced depression changes via postwar stress and directly impacted PTSD.

    Conclusions:

    • Approach-based coping strategies may buffer against negative psychological outcomes in combat veterans.
    • Combat exposure is a critical factor influencing the trajectory of mental health symptoms post-deployment.
    • Interventions promoting adaptive coping may be beneficial for military personnel exposed to combat stress.