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The thought translation device (TTD) for completely paralyzed patients
N Birbaumer1, A Kübler, N Ghanayim
1Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Germany.
IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering : a Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
|July 15, 2000
Summary
This study shows a thought translation device helps totally paralyzed patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis communicate. The device trains patients to control electroencephalogram signals for an alternative communication channel.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) often leads to total paralysis and locked-in syndrome.
- Effective communication is a significant challenge for patients with severe motor impairments.
- Existing assistive technologies may not be suitable for all severely disabled individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of a thought translation device for communication in locked-in patients.
- To assess the ability of patients to learn self-regulation of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals.
- To demonstrate an alternative communication channel for severely paralyzed ALS patients.
Main Methods:
- The thought translation device trains patients to self-regulate slow cortical potentials (SCPs) in their EEG.
- Operant learning techniques are employed to achieve SCP self-control.
- A computerized language support program allows patients to select letters, words, or pictograms.
Main Results:
- Five respirator-dependent, locked-in patients participated in the study.
- Demonstrated successful operant learning of SCP self-control in all participants.
- Patients were able to utilize the device for communication.
Conclusions:
- The thought translation device offers a viable alternative communication channel.
- Motivated, totally paralyzed ALS patients can benefit from this technology.
- This device shows promise in improving the quality of life for individuals with locked-in syndrome.