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Related Experiment Videos

Assessing vestibular function: which tests, when?

M Fetter1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Eberhard-Karl-University, Tübingen, Germany. michael.fetter@uni-tuebingen.de

Journal of Neurology
|July 15, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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Diagnosing vertigo and dizziness relies on patient history and otoneurological exams. Differentiating central versus peripheral vestibular lesions guides treatment for these common neurological complaints.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Vestibular System

Background:

  • Vertigo and dizziness are frequent clinical complaints.
  • Accurate diagnosis requires a detailed patient history and otoneurological evaluation.
  • Identifying the underlying pathology is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic approach for vertigo and dizziness.
  • To differentiate between central and peripheral vestibular lesions.
  • To highlight the role of nystagmus and bedside tests in diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical history taking.
  • Comprehensive otoneurological examination.
  • Bedside tests like head-shaking nystagmus and head impulses.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Advanced vestibular function tests (3D eye movement analysis, subjective visual vertical, VEMP).

    • Main Results:

    • Illusion of movement (vertigo) suggests vestibular system imbalance.
    • Rotatory movement with nystagmus points to semicircular canal lesions.
    • Linear movement sensation indicates otolith disturbances.
    • Nystagmus characteristics (pure vertical/torsional vs. mixed) help distinguish central from peripheral lesions.

    Conclusions:

    • Patient history and clinical examination are foundational for diagnosing vertigo.
    • Specific nystagmus patterns and bedside tests aid in localizing vestibular lesions.
    • Modern techniques offer detailed assessment of semicircular canal and otolith function.