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Multiple myeloma in cats: variable presentation with different immunoglobulin isotypes in two cats
D Bienzle1, D C Silverstein, K Chaffin
1Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, ON, Canada.
Veterinary Pathology
|July 15, 2000
Summary
Multiple myeloma in cats can manifest with varying clinical signs and organ involvement. Treatment responses differ, with one cat showing improvement after surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, while another did not respond.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Oncology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Multiple myeloma is a neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells.
- It is characterized by monoclonal immunoglobulin production and end-organ damage.
Observation:
- Two feline cases of multiple myeloma were documented.
- Clinical signs included monoclonal hyperglobulinemia, proteinuria, and bone marrow plasma cell infiltrates.
Findings:
- One cat had vertebral bone marrow involvement with an immunoglobulin G-producing myeloma, responding to surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy with a 2-year survival.
- The second cat presented with hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, visceral organ involvement, and biclonal immunoglobulin A dimer formation, showing no response to chemotherapy.
Implications:
- This study highlights the diverse clinical presentations and prognoses of multiple myeloma in cats.
- It underscores the importance of tailored treatment strategies based on disease manifestation and patient status.