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An excitatory GABAergic plexus in developing neocortical layer 1.

R S Dammerman1, A C Flint, S Noctor

  • 1Department of Neurology and the Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|July 19, 2000
PubMed
Summary
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The early GABAergic fiber plexus in rodent somatosensory cortex layer 1 provides excitatory signals. This incertocortical pathway activates pyramidal neurons, influencing cortical development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Cortical Development

Background:

  • The developing rodent somatosensory cortex (layer 1) features a transient, dense GABAergic fiber plexus.
  • This plexus receives input from the zona incerta (ZI) and intrinsic layer 1 GABAergic cells.
  • The function of this early plexus, contacting pyramidal neuron dendrites, remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of the GABAergic fiber plexus in layer 1 of the developing somatosensory cortex.
  • To determine the source and impact of GABAergic inputs on cortical pyramidal neurons.

Main Methods:

  • Electrical stimulation of layer 1 and gramicidin perforated patch recordings in neonatal rodents.
  • Activation of intrinsic layer 1 neurons using glutamate agonists.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Recording from identified neonatal incertocortical neurons.

    • Main Results:

    • Electrical stimulation of layer 1 induced GABA(A)-mediated postsynaptic currents (PSCs) in pyramidal neurons.
    • The GABAergic synapse in layer 1 was found to be excitatory, capable of triggering action potentials.
    • Stimulation of intrinsic layer 1 neurons did not produce PSCs, unlike electrical stimulation.
    • Responses were observed even with stimulation at distant sites in layer 1.
    • Neonatal incertocortical neurons showed high spontaneous activity and robust cortical neuron activation.

    Conclusions:

    • The incertocortical pathway is a major contributor to the excitatory GABAergic innervation of layer 1 during synaptogenesis.
    • This pathway provides spatially restricted, excitatory GABAergic input to the distal apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons.
    • The findings reveal a novel excitatory role for GABA in early cortical circuit formation.