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Nutrition and skeletal problems in poultry.

H M Edwards1

  • 1Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2772, USA. hedwards@uga.cc.uga.edu

Poultry Science
|July 20, 2000
PubMed
Summary

New research indicates broiler chickens require higher levels of cholecalciferol (D3) than previously understood. Studies explore vitamin D metabolism, feed deprivation, and ascorbic acid

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Area of Science:

  • Avian nutrition and skeletal health
  • Vitamin D metabolism in poultry
  • Bone development and abnormalities

Background:

  • Tibial dyschondroplasia is a significant skeletal disorder in broiler chickens.
  • Existing reviews on nutrition and skeletal disorders are numerous, necessitating focused updates.
  • Recent interest highlights vitamin D, feed deprivation, and bone abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on vitamin D requirements and metabolism in broiler chickens.
  • To investigate the role of ascorbic acid and ultraviolet light in preventing bone abnormalities.
  • To explore the efficacy of feed deprivation and vitamin D derivatives in preventing tibial dyschondroplasia.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of studies on cholecalciferol (D3) requirements in broiler chickens.
  • Review of research on ascorbic acid's role in 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25-(OH)D3] hydroxylation.
  • Examination of studies using 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2D3] supplementation and feed deprivation strategies.

Main Results:

  • Quantitative cholecalciferol (D3) requirements for broiler chickens are higher than previously estimated.
  • Dietary 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2D3] reduces tibial dyschondroplasia but may impact growth.
  • High tibial dyschondroplasia strains appear to have defects in vitamin D metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of ascorbic acid in preventing tibial dyschondroplasia.
  • Understanding feed deprivation's mechanism in preventing bone abnormalities could offer new insights.
  • Optimizing vitamin D metabolism and supplementation is crucial for broiler skeletal health.

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