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Activity of penicillin and novobiocin against bovine mastitis pathogens
Abstract:
Penicillin (P), novobiocin (N), and both (P-N) were evaluated in vitro against 143 clinical isolates of bovine mastitis, including, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Streptococcus uberis. Greater antistaphylococcal activities were demonstrated with N alone and P-N than with P alone. Streptococcus spp were more susceptible to P alone than to N alone, and the effectiveness of P-N corresponded with that of P alone. In vitro, P-N had a wider spectrum of antibacterial activity than did either P or N. Similar results were also obtained in vivo, using the mouse protection test. The P-N gave a greater protection rate in mice experimentally infected with S aureus and Str agalactiae than did P or N.
Insights
Penicillin and novobiocin (P-N) combination therapy showed broader antibacterial activity against bovine mastitis pathogens than either antibiotic alone. This P-N combination also provided enhanced protection in vivo, indicating its potential as an effective treatment for bovine mastitis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Bovine mastitis is a significant economic concern in the dairy industry.
- Effective antibiotic treatment is crucial for managing bacterial infections in cattle.
- Understanding the synergistic effects of antibiotic combinations can improve therapeutic outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of penicillin (P) and novobiocin (N) alone and in combination (P-N).
- To determine the antibacterial spectrum and activity of P, N, and P-N against key bovine mastitis pathogens.
- To assess the protective effects of P-N in a mouse model of infection.
Main Methods:
- In vitro susceptibility testing of 143 clinical isolates of bovine mastitis pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp.) against P, N, and P-N.
- In vivo efficacy assessment using a mouse protection test against S. aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae infections.
Main Results:
- Novobiocin (N) and the P-N combination demonstrated greater antistaphylococcal activity than penicillin (P) alone.
- Streptococcus spp. were more susceptible to P alone compared to N alone, with P-N effectiveness mirroring P alone.
- The P-N combination exhibited a broader spectrum of antibacterial activity in vitro and provided superior protection in vivo compared to P or N alone.
Conclusions:
- The combination of penicillin and novobiocin (P-N) offers a broader spectrum of activity and enhanced efficacy against common bovine mastitis pathogens.
- P-N demonstrates significant potential for improved therapeutic outcomes in treating bovine mastitis, both in vitro and in vivo.
- Further clinical studies are warranted to confirm the efficacy of P-N combination therapy in dairy cattle.