Synthesis and preliminary assessments of ethyl-terminated perfluoroalkyl nonionic surfactants derived from tris(hydroxymethyl)acrylamidomethane

We describe the synthesis and preliminary physicochemical and biological assessments of a new class of nonionic hybrid hydrofluoro amphiphiles derived from tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM). The synthesis of the hydrophobic tail of these amphiphiles is based on the preparation of an asymmetrical hydrofluorocarbon derivative containing an ethyl segment, a fluorocarbon core, and an ethyl thiol moiety. This molecule led to either THAM galactosylated monoadducts or telomers. These amphiphiles exhibit neither detergency toward cell membranes nor membrane protein denaturation.