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[Ocular cysticercosis].

A Auzemery1, A Andriantsimahavandy, P Esterre

  • 1Service d'Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier de Soavinandriana, Marseille, France.

Medecine Tropicale : Revue Du Corps De Sante Colonial
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Ocular cysticercosis, caused by Taenia solium larvae, is a serious eye condition, especially in developing nations. Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial to prevent blindness, as drug therapy is ineffective.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases

Context:

  • Ocular cysticercosis is caused by the development of Taenia solium larvae (Cysticercus cellulosae) within the eye.
  • The condition is prevalent globally, particularly in developing countries, due to the parasite's life cycle and environmental factors.
  • The eye's rich vascularization makes it a prime site for parasitic development, similar to the nervous system and muscle tissue.

Purpose:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of ocular cysticercosis.
  • To highlight the challenges in managing this condition, especially in resource-limited settings.
  • To emphasize the importance of preventive measures and health education.

Summary:

  • Intraorbital cysticercosis, often leading to blindness if untreated, accounts for 75-85% of cases, with intravitreal and subretinal involvement being most common.

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  • Diagnosis involves direct visualization of cysticerci, immunologic testing (ELISA, western-blot) of aqueous humor, and imaging (ultrasonography, CT-scan) for adnexal involvement.
  • Ocular adnexal involvement (orbit, eyelids, conjunctiva, lacrimal glands) occurs in 20-25% of cases.

    • Impact:

    • Ocular cysticercosis necessitates surgical treatment, as drug therapy is ineffective and can worsen inflammation.
    • Advancements in microsurgery offer improved outcomes, but accessibility remains a challenge in developing countries.
    • Prevention through sanitary measures and health education is paramount given the severity and management limitations of ocular cysticercosis.